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Markers for the prediction of preeclampsia and their relevance in the first trimester of pregnancy
Šedová, Lenka ; Kestlerová, Andrea (advisor) ; Švandová, Ivana (referee)
Preelampsia is a clinical syndrome found uniquely in a pregnant patient with an incidence 2 - 8 % of pregnancies worldwide. It is defined as the new onset of hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation, resolving with delivery or soon thereafter. Its worst consequences are eclampsia with tonic and clonic seizures and possibly coma. Also pulmonary edema, CNS hemorrhage, anaemia, hepatorenal failure, circulation failure and other complications can occur. In its most severe form, it affects nearly every organ. Preeclampsia remains a major cause of premature delivery and both maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. The origin and the cause of the disease remain unknown and therefore the medical treatment focuses only on clinical manifestations. Timely prediction of preeclampsia would enable accurate therapeutic treatment and a decrease of the threat to maternal and fetal health. In this study, the most important predictive biomarkers of PE and their relevance in the first trimester of gestation are presented. Furthermore, a first trimester screening with the best prediction rates is described. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Searching for and Evaluating the Severity of Endothelial Dysfunction in Children with Chronic Autoimmune Disease
Sýkorová, Aneta ; Jehlička, Petr (advisor) ; Urbanová, Zuzana (referee) ; Klásková, Eva (referee)
We aimed to evaluate the endothelial function by combining RHI measurements and specific biochemical markers in the children with possible risk of premature manifestation of atherosclerosis and in the control group of healthy children. In all, 124 children (of which 106 patients divided into five groups according to diagnosis - type 1 diabetes mellitus, Crohn's disease, cystic fibrosis, familial hypercholesterolemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 18 healthy controls) were enrolled in the study. During the study, we measured RHI using a new plethysmographic method and further evaluated biochemical markers of endothelial dysfunction (ADMA, E-selectin, hsCRP and VCAM) and lipidogram in individual groups of children. The primary objective of our study was the determination of RHI and biochemical parameters in healthy subjects and in selected risk groups of children (type 1 diabetes mellitus, Crohn's disease, cystic fibrosis, familial hypercholesterolemia and children after successful treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia). At the same time, we compared patients from individual groups with the control group. We found significantly elevated RHI values in groups of children with type 1 diabetes, Crohn's disease, cystic fibrosis, and children after successful treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia....
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Tests for HIV positive patients at the department of Clinical Biochemistry and Imunology at the Hospital Bulovka
CHUDÁČKOVÁ, Gabriela
HIV is a human immunodeficiency virus that attacks the host's immune system and reduces the ability of the immune system to respond adequately to the presence of other infectious agents with which the healthy immune system would usually advise. HIV antiretroviral therapy doesn't ensure complete removal of the virus from the organism. The therapy only blocks further proliferation of viral cells in host cells. Antiretrovirotics are primarily based on the inhibition of viral enzymes. Combinated treatment or HAART (Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy) consists of a combination of three or more medicines with different effects. Each of these medicines reacts with other receptors and with other enzymes and reacts at different stages of the life cycle of the virus. The effects of treatment and its negative effects on the patient's organism are monitored at regular intervals in the AIDS center in the hospital Na Bulovce. Employees from this center send patient samples to different departments according to examination requirements. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to acquaint with selected biochemical and immunological parameters investigated at the Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Imunology in the hospital Na Bulovce and use these parameters to try to find out effects of treatment in selected patients who have already been detected HIV positive by detection of surface features CD4+ and CD8+ on Th-lymphocytes by flow cytometry. Furthermore monitoring patient's status during therapy with selected biochemical markers analyzed on an automated biochemical analyzer and also evaluation and description of the current possibilities of laboratory determination in the detection of HIV infection.
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Markers for the prediction of preeclampsia and their relevance in the first trimester of pregnancy
Šedová, Lenka ; Kestlerová, Andrea (advisor) ; Švandová, Ivana (referee)
Preelampsia is a clinical syndrome found uniquely in a pregnant patient with an incidence 2 - 8 % of pregnancies worldwide. It is defined as the new onset of hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation, resolving with delivery or soon thereafter. Its worst consequences are eclampsia with tonic and clonic seizures and possibly coma. Also pulmonary edema, CNS hemorrhage, anaemia, hepatorenal failure, circulation failure and other complications can occur. In its most severe form, it affects nearly every organ. Preeclampsia remains a major cause of premature delivery and both maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. The origin and the cause of the disease remain unknown and therefore the medical treatment focuses only on clinical manifestations. Timely prediction of preeclampsia would enable accurate therapeutic treatment and a decrease of the threat to maternal and fetal health. In this study, the most important predictive biomarkers of PE and their relevance in the first trimester of gestation are presented. Furthermore, a first trimester screening with the best prediction rates is described. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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